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How to Select the Right ABB 残留電流遮断器 過電流保護付き (RCBO) for Household Use
The core principle of selecting an ABB Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection (RCBO) for household applications is to match household load characteristics, meet safety standards, and fit the distribution box space. Priority should be given to the ABB Compact Home series (例えば, GSH200 series), following the specific steps below:
- Clarify Core Selection Parameters
Five key parameters must be confirmed for household RCBOs, none of which can be omitted:
- ポール構成: Prioritize 1P+N
1P+N (例えば, GSH201 series) is suitable for all single-phase household circuits (点灯, ソケット, エアコン). The neutral pole remains permanently closed, with only the phase pole being switchable, 配電ボックスのスペースを節約する (幅: only 17.5mm).
If both the phase and neutral lines need to be switched off simultaneously (例えば, main switch in humid areas), 2P (例えば, GSH202 series) is an option. It has a width of 35mm and a slightly higher cost.
- 定格電流 (で): Calculate Based on Load Power
| Household Circuit Type | Recommended Rated Current | Corresponding Model Example |
| 照明回路 (LED/fluorescent lamps) | 6A/10A | GSH201 AC-C6/0.03 |
| General socket circuits (mobile phones, 小型家電製品) | 16あ | GSH201 AC-C16/0.03 |
| High-power socket circuits for air conditioners/kitchens (2–3 HP air conditioners, 電気オーブン) | 20A/25A | GSH201 AC-C20/0.03 |
- トリッピングカーブ: Uniformly Select Type C for Households
タイプ C トリップ曲線: The instantaneous tripping current is 5–10 times the rated current, which can avoid the inrush current during the startup of household appliances (例えば, refrigerator, air conditioner startup) without causing nuisance tripping.
注記: Type D curve is suitable for motors and does not need to be selected for household scenarios.
- 定格残留動作電流 (IΔn): Select According to Regional Safety Requirements
Residual current is the core parameter for electric shock prevention. Households should follow the standards below:
| Applicable Area | Recommended Rated Residual Operating Current | Safety Description |
| Living rooms, bedrooms, 照明回路 (dry areas) | 30ミリアンペア | Balances safety and avoidance of nuisance tripping, complying with the requirements of National Standard GB 16917 |
| Bathrooms, キッチン, balconies (humid areas) | 10ミリアンペア | 高感度, tripping faster (≤0.04s) in case of leakage, with model suffix /0.01 |
| Main incoming switch | 100ミリアンペア (オプション) | Prevents whole-house leakage, but must be used with branch circuit RCBOs of 30mA/10mA |
- Residual Current Type: Prioritize Type A for Compatibility with All Household Appliances
ACタイプ: Only detects pure AC leakage, suitable for traditional resistive loads (例えば, 白熱灯, 電気ケトル). しかし, it cannot detect leakage with DC components (例えば, LED drivers, スイッチング電源, inverter air conditioners), and is not recommended for whole-house use.
タイプA: Can detect AC + 脈動DC漏れ, compatible with all household loads (especially smart home appliances and inverter equipment). It is the first choice for households, with model example: GSH201 A-C16/0.03.
- Match Requirements of Special Household Scenarios
- Humid Areas (Bathrooms, Kitchens)
Pole configuration: 2P (it is recommended to switch off both phase and neutral lines simultaneously)
定格残留動作電流: 10ミリアンペア
Residual current type: タイプA
推奨モデル: GSH202 A-C16/0.01
- High-power Equipment Circuits (Instant Water Heaters, Electric Floor Heating)
定格電流: 32あ (check equipment power; 例えば, an 8kW water heater requires a 32A rating)
遮断容量: Select Icn≥6kA (ABB GSH200 series defaults to 6kA, meeting household short-circuit current requirements)
推奨モデル: GSH201 A-C32/0.03
- Households with Smart Home Appliances/Grid-connected Photovoltaic Systems
Residual current type: Type A must be selected to avoid protection failure caused by DC leakage from photovoltaic inverters and smart home appliances.
注記: Type AC is strictly prohibited, さもないと, the risk of “leakage without tripping” will occur.
Ⅲ. Recommended ABB RCBO Models for Household Use
| アプリケーションシナリオ | 推奨モデル | 主な利点 |
| Universal sockets/lighting for the whole house | GSH201 A-C16/0.03 | Type A leakage protection, C16 rating suitable for most loads, high cost-effectiveness |
| Humid areas such as bathrooms/kitchens | GSH202 A-C16/0.01 | 2P switching, 10mA high sensitivity, preventing electric shock in humid environments |
| 3 HP air conditioners/high-power kitchen appliances | GSH201 A-C25/0.03 | 25定格電流, compatible with the startup of high-power loads |
- Installation and Selection Precautions
- Check Distribution Box Space: 1P+N models have a width of 17.5mm, and 2P models have a width of 35mm. Confirm the remaining rail length of the distribution box.
- 互換性チェック: ABB GSH200 series has the same dimensions as the SH200 series miniature circuit breakers, allowing mixed installation.
- 認定要件: Must select models with 3C certification (例えば, GSH201 series certificate number: 2020980305001187) to ensure compliance with national standards.
- Avoid Misunderstandings:
Do not blindly choose an excessively high rated current (例えば, 32A for socket circuits), which will prevent tripping during overload and cause fire risks.
Do not use Type AC for smart home appliance circuits, さもないと, the leakage protection function will fail.
- まとめ
The simplest solution for selecting ABB RCBOs for households:
> For branch circuits, select 1P+N+Type A+C16/20A+30mA (GSH201 A-C16/0.03); for humid areas, select 2P+Type A+C16+10mA; for the main switch, 2P+Type A+C63+100mA is optional. This scheme balances safety, 互換性, and economy.
