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The following are the commonly used wire color standards in lowvoltage distribution cabinets in major countries and regions (based on lowvoltage power distribution systems, threephase/singlephase circuits) for reference:
- Китай (GB 7947/IEC 60446)
| Функция | Цвет | Explanation |
| Threephase live wire (L1) | Желтый (Да) | Phase A (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L2) | Зеленый (G) | Phase B (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L3) 三相火线（L3） | Красный (R) | Phase C (live wire) |
| Neutral wire (Н) | Синий (B) | Neutral wire (neutral) |
| Ground wire (ЧП) | Yellowgreen twocolor (Y/G) | Protective ground wire (PE wire) |
| Singlephase live wire (л) | Красный (R) | Live wire in a singlephase circuit |
- Соединенные Штаты (NEC standard, ANSI/NFPA 70)
| Функция | Цвет | Explanation |
| Threephase live wire (L1) | Черный (Bk) | Phase A (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L2) | Красный (R) | Phase B (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L3) | Синий (Bl) | Phase C (live wire, 208Y/120V system) |
| Neutral wire (Н) | Белый (Вт) | Neutral wire (neutral), with stripes or markings |
| Ground wire (ЧП) | Зеленый (G) or yellowgreen twocolor | Protective ground wire (bare or insulated) |
| Singlephase live wire (л) | Черный (Bk) or Red (R) | Live wire in a singlephase circuit (120V/240V system) |
III. European Union (МЭК 60446, taking Germany and France as examples)
| Функция | Цвет | Explanation |
| Threephase live wire (L1) | Brown (Br) | Phase A (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L2) | Черный (Bk) | Phase B (live wire) |
| Threephase live wire (L3) | Gray (Gy) | Phase C (live wire) |
| Neutral wire (Н) | Синий (B) | Neutral wire (neutral) |
| Ground wire (ЧП) | Yellowgreen twocolor (Y/G) | Protective ground wire (PE wire) |
| Singlephase live wire (л) | Brown (Br) | Live wire in a singlephase circuit |
- Великобритания (Old standard vs New standard)
Old standard (Before 2004, BS 7671):
| Функция | Цвет |
| Threephase live wire | Красный (R), Желтый (Да), Синий (Bl) |
| Neutral wire (Н) | Черный (Bk) |
| Ground wire (ЧП) | Yellowgreen twocolor (Y/G) |
New standard (After 2004, in line with IEC in the European Union):
The same as the EU standard (Live wires: Brown, Черный, Gray; Neutral wire: Синий; Ground wire: Yellowgreen twocolor).
- Япония (JIS C 3306)
| Функция | Цвет | Explanation |
| Threephase live wire (L1) 三相火线（L1） | Красный (R) | Live wire in a 100V system (Phase A) |
| Threephase live wire (L2) | Черный (Bk) | Live wire in a 100V system (Phase B) |
| Neutral wire (Н) | Белый (Вт) | Neutral wire (neutral) |
| Ground wire (ЧП) | Зеленый (G) | Protective ground wire (PE wire) |
| Singlephase live wire (л) | Красный (R) or Black (Bk) | Live wire in a singlephase circuit (100V/200V system) |
- Other regions
Australia/New Zealand (AS/NZS 3000):
Live wires: Brown (L1), Синий (L2), Черный (L3); Neutral wire: Light blue; Ground wire: Yellowgreen twocolor.
Канада (CSA C22.1):
Similar to the US standard, threephase live wires are commonly black, red, and blue, the neutral wire is white, and the ground wire is green.
Россия (GOST standard):
Live wires: Желтый (L1), Зеленый (L2), Красный (L3); Neutral wire: Light blue; Ground wire: Yellowgreen twocolor.
Меры предосторожности
- Differences in standards: Some countries may retain the old standards due to historical reasons (such as the old version in the UK). It is recommended to refer to the latest local electrical codes.
- Highvoltage systems: The colors of wires in highvoltage power distribution may be different (например, highvoltage live wires in China are red, зеленый, and yellow, and there is no neutral wire). It is necessary to refer to specific engineering standards.
- Safety principles: Regardless of the color, when wiring, it is necessary to confirm the function of the wires through labels, drawings, or a multimeter to avoid misoperation.
For accurate information, it is recommended to consult the local electrical installation codes (such as GB 7251 in China, NEC in the United States, EN 60446 in the European Union, и т. д.) or consult a professional electrician.
