APG‑500C ความต้านทานที่แม่นยำ (ปิรานี) เครื่องส่งสุญญากาศ

ชื่อเต็ม: APG-500C Precision Resistance (ปิรานี) เครื่องส่งสุญญากาศ (Pirani Gauge)

Commonly known as Chengzhen vacuum transmitter gauge, equivalent to INFICON PSG500

ยี่ห้อ: Chengdu Zhenghua Electronic Instrument, Trademark: 【Chengzhen】

✅ ข้อมูลจำเพาะที่สำคัญ

หลักการวัด: ปิรานี (thermal conduction resistance vacuum gauge)

ช่วงการวัด: 5×10⁻² Pa ～ 1×10⁵ Pa (อากาศ / N₂)

พาวเวอร์ซัพพลาย: 13.5~30 โวลท์ดีซี, Power consumption ≤2W, Max inrush current ＜300mA

เอาท์พุทแบบอะนาล็อก: Logarithmic voltage 1.9～10.0 VDC (0~0.5V indicates filament failure)

อินเตอร์เฟซไฟฟ้า: อาร์เจ45 (8-core FCC68)

Vacuum Flange: Standard KF16 (mainstream version)

Max Pressure Withstand: ≤0.2 MPa (absolute pressure)

เวลาตอบสนอง: 100 นางสาว

ข้อกำหนดในการติดตั้ง: การติดตั้งในแนวตั้ง, keep away from heat sources and vibration sources

สื่อที่เกี่ยวข้อง: อากาศ, N₂, O₂, CO and other inert gases only; Combustible, explosive and strongly corrosive gases are prohibited

📌 RJ45 Pin Definition

Relay Rating: DC30V / 500มิลลิแอมป์ (Only APG500CC supports multi-point threshold control; standard APG-500C has no adjustable control points)

📎 Gas Correction Factor (Reading × C)

Air/N₂/O₂/CO=1.0；H₂=0.5；He=0.8；Ar=1.7；CO₂=0.9；Xe=3.0；Kr=2.4；Ne=1.4；Water vapor=0.5

🛠 Calibration Notes

1. Preheat for at least 10 min before calibration; continuous power-on is recommended to maintain thermal balance
2. ATM full-scale calibration: At atmospheric pressure, set to 1×10⁵ Pa → 10.0 กระแสตรง
3. HV zero calibration: Pump down to ≤1×10⁻² Pa, set to 1×10⁻² Pa → 1.5 กระแสตรง

📌 Matching Products & ทางเลือก

Matching indicator: PDM-5203, PDM-520C

Import equivalent: INFICON PSG500

Upgraded model in same series: APG-500CC (with adjustable relay threshold)

Common failure: Platinum wire contamination, platinum wire burnout (fault output 0~0.5V). Contamination damage is excluded from warranty

📋 Typical Applications

Coating machines, vacuum furnaces, leak detection systems, vacuum packaging, negative pressure processes, coarse & medium vacuum monitoring for semiconductor

APG-500C (Chengzhen/Zhenghua) รายการตรวจสอบการแก้ไขปัญหา

Precondition: Distinguish between 【gauge failure】, 【wiring/acquisition side failure】 and 【vacuum system leakage / process issue】 first; 0~0.5V output = filament failure (ลวดหัก / heavy contamination). This is a hard fault, and contamination damage is not covered by warranty.

Required tools: Multimeter for RJ45 pin voltage measurement, megohmmeter, standard vacuum source, leak detector

1. ความผิดพลาด: Fixed output 0～0.5V (fault voltage)

อาการ: Voltage locked at 0~0.5V, reading unchanged regardless of vacuum, indicator reports fault

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. Burned platinum thermal wire (most frequent; easily damaged by repeated atmospheric shock, sudden venting or overpressure)
2. Heavy oil contamination / coating dust covering the thermal wire inside the gauge, causing thermal conduction failure
3. Broken wire inside RJ45 plug, poor contact on pin1/pin2 power supply
4. Damaged drive PCB inside gauge

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Measure pin1 & pin2 with multimeter to confirm stable 13.5~30VDC supply

② Test with a confirmed good dedicated RJ45 cable

③ If power supply is normal and output remains 0~0.5V after cable replacement → sensor defective

การเยียวยา: Replace the gauge head directly. Do not disassemble and clean the thermal wire by yourself (easy to cause permanent damage and void warranty)

2. ความผิดพลาด: No output at all, no signal on meter, floating reading on PLC

อาการ: No voltage at signal terminals, same as no connection

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. แหล่งจ่ายไฟขาด, ขั้วกลับ, ฟิวส์ขาด
2. Broken core inside RJ45 cable, bad crimp on crystal head, broken signal core pin3/pin5
3. Mismatched input impedance of acquisition terminal (required ≥10kΩ)

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Measure voltage pin1-pin2, verify polarity (pin1=24V+, pin2=GND)

② Power the gauge separately and measure analog output directly at pin3 & pin5 to rule out rear-end wiring/module faults

③ Confirm PLC/display meter supports high-impedance voltage input; do not use current input channel

การเยียวยา: เปลี่ยนสายเคเบิล, correct power polarity, use compatible acquisition channel

3. ความผิดพลาด: Inaccurate reading, large deviation, wrong value at atmosphere or high vacuum

อาการ: Not 1E5Pa at atmospheric pressure, cannot reach expected vacuum after pumping, large deviation compared with reference gauge

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. No preheating or calibration (≥10min preheating required)
2. Gas is not air/N₂ and gas correction factor not applied (large deviation for Ar, He, H₂)
3. Slight contamination or long-term drift of thermal wire
4. Wrong mounting orientation (non-vertical installation, condensate/dust accumulates on thermal wire)
5. Leakage at KF flange, aged KF O-ring, misaligned gasket
6. Gauge inlet partially blocked by oil mist or dust

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Atmosphere calibration: Vent to atmosphere, stabilize for 10 นาที, perform atmospheric calibration

② Pump down to ≤1×10⁻²Pa for zero calibration

③ Confirm gas type and apply correction factor

④ Check mounting posture: การติดตั้งในแนวตั้ง, flange downward or lateral; avoid upside-down installation which causes liquid accumulation

⑤ Isolate gauge and perform leak test for chamber leak rate

การเยียวยา: ปรับเทียบใหม่, adjust installation, replace sealing ring, add front oil baffle; replace sensor if heavily contaminated

4. ความผิดพลาด: Reading fluctuates continuously, severe drift and instability

อาการ: Vacuum is stable but reading jumps back and forth

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. Large ripple / unstable power supply, shared power supply with high-power motors or inverters
2. Signal cable routed together with power cable, การรบกวนทางแม่เหล็กไฟฟ้า
3. Intrinsic pressure fluctuation of system (pump pulsation, frequent valve switching, airflow disturbance)
4. Slight contamination or aging of thermal wire
5. การต่อสายดินไม่ดี, mixed analog signal ground and power ground

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Use isolated DC power supply for independent gauge power supply

② Single-end grounding for cable shield, keep away from power cables

③ Remove gauge and power on in static atmosphere; if stable at atmosphere → fault from system airflow / การรั่วไหล

การเยียวยา: Add shielding, isolated power supply, optimize grounding; add damping tube on chamber

5. ความผิดพลาด: Permanent atmospheric reading (~10V), reading does not drop while pumping

อาการ: Pump keeps running, gauge stays at atmospheric pressure reading

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. Severe leakage at KF flange, missing or damaged O-ring
2. Isolation valve before gauge closed, gauge separated from chamber
3. Gauge inlet fully blocked by solid deposit, gas cannot enter gauge cavity
4. วงจรภายในผิดปกติ, output locked at full scale

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Close gauge isolation valve, test gauge under vacuum separately to distinguish gauge fault or system leakage

② Visual check KF O-ring and clamp compression

③ Disassemble flange and check inlet for coating material / dust blockage

การเยียวยา: Leak detection, open valve, clean inlet; replace sensor if blocked and thermal wire contaminated

6. ความผิดพลาด: Abnormal relay setpoint (APG-500CC relay version only)

อาการ: Relay does not trigger / false trigger at target vacuum

สาเหตุที่แท้จริง:

1. Wrong threshold calibration procedure (incorrect timing of setting button)
2. Relay contact overloaded (max DC30V/500mA; cannot drive high-power load directly)
3. Oxidized or welded contacts
4. สัญญาณดริฟท์, mismatch between actual vacuum and gauge output voltage

ขั้นตอนการแก้ไขปัญหา:

① Relearn threshold following manual (hold setting pin, reach target vacuum then release)

② Test contact continuity with multimeter under no-load condition

③ Add intermediate relay for load isolation

การเยียวยา: ปรับเทียบใหม่; replace whole transmitter if contacts damaged

7. ความผิดพลาด: Frequent filament burnout (high failure rate)

Trigger list (engineering prevention focus)

1. Fast frequent venting of chamber, instantaneous airflow impact on thermal wire
2. Continuous deposition of process oil mist and evaporation coating material on thermal wire
3. Overpressure shock (＞0.2 MPa absolute)
4. Combustible / corrosive gas entering gauge tube (prohibited for this model)
5. Upside-down installation, condensate dripping directly onto thermal wire

มาตรการรับมือ: Install front oil trap, slow venting, add isolation valve, การติดตั้งในแนวตั้ง, restrict process gas

✅ Quick Self-Check Sequence (on-site recommended order)

1. วัดแรงดันไฟฟ้า (pin1, pin2) → rule out reverse polarity / แรงดันตก
2. Measure analog output (pin3, pin5), first check if it is 0~0.5V fault state
3. Cross-test with spare cable to separate gauge fault or cable / backend acquisition fault
4. Static atmosphere test, check whether reading stabilizes at atmospheric pressure
5. Isolated vacuum test to distinguish 【gauge drift】 or 【chamber leakage / pump issue】
6. การสอบเทียบ, check mounting posture, oil baffle and sealing

⚠️ Important Disclaimer

Thermal wire contamination, oil fouling and burnout caused by dust are not covered under warranty. The manufacturer usually only supplies replacement gauge heads instead of repair.

Do not disassemble gauge head or flush internal thermal wire with solvent, permanent damage may occur immediately.

Pirani gauge is gas-dependent and not universal vacuum gauge; correction is mandatory for Ar, He, H₂.

Chengzhen (Chengdu Zhenghua ZHAC) รายการรุ่นเต็ม

ยี่ห้อ: Chengzhen / Chengdu Zhenghua Electronic Instrument; grouped by category; APG Pirani transmitter (your main model) ที่ด้านบน

1. ปิรานี / Resistance Vacuum Transmitters (Integrated transmitter gauge, PLC direct acquisition, equivalent to INFICON PSG500)

APG-500C: Standard Pirani resistance transmitter, อาร์เจ45, logarithmic output 1.9~10V, KF16

APG-500CC: Version with adjustable relay threshold output

FPG550: ความต้านทาน + piezoresistive composite transmitter (หลากหลาย, atmosphere down to rough vacuum)

ATG-530: 1Torr range precision transmitter

2. Vacuum Gauge Tubes (Separate type, requires matching indicator)

Resistance Gauge (ปิรานี)

ZJ-52T: Classic resistance vacuum gauge tube (glass gauge, เคเอฟ, CF flange options)

Thermocouple Gauge

ZJ-51

ZJ-53B

ZJ-54D (Short-filament thermocouple, widely used in coating industry)

Piezoresistive Gauge

ZJ-1P: Piezoresistive vacuum gauge, 0.1~100กิโลปาสคาล, suitable for near-atmosphere rough vacuum

Capacitance Diaphragm Gauge (Gas-independent, ความแม่นยำสูง)

ZJ-1C Series (Range options: 10ต, 100ต, 1000ต, 0~1000Pa; 4-20มิลลิแอมป์ / 0-10วีเอาท์พุต)

Hot Cathode Ion Gauge (B-A gauge, high vacuum)

ZJ-2

ZJ-10

ZJ-12 (B-A ultra-high vacuum gauge)

ZJ-27 (Wide-range ion gauge, mainstream for coating machines)

Cold Cathode Ion Gauge (Penning / inverted magnetron cold gauge, high vacuum, no filament)

ZJ-14 (Inverted magnetron cold gauge)

ZJ-14C (Penning cold gauge)

3. Single-type Vacuum Indicators (Panel mount for control cabinet)

ZDR Resistance (ปิรานี) Vacuum Meter

ZDR-I-Pro: Single-channel resistance vacuum meter

ZDR-II-Pro: Dual-channel resistance vacuum meter

ZDR-X-LED: Rack-mount multi-channel resistance vacuum mete

ZDO Thermocouple Vacuum Meter

ZDO-I / ZDO-II: เดี่ยว / dual channel thermocouple vacuum meter

ZDK Hot Cathode Ion Vacuum Meter

ZDK-I-LED, ZDK-X-LED: เดี่ยว / multi-channel ion meter, compatible with ZJ-27/ZJ-

ZDV Cold Cathode Ion Vacuum Meter

ZDV-I-LED, ZDV-IC-LED: Dedicated indicator for cold gauge

PDM Miniature Resistance Vacuum Meter (กะทัดรัด, portable all-in-one)

PDM-5203: Panel miniature resistance vacuum meter (match APG, ZJ-52T)

PDM-520B: Handheld miniature vacuum meter (5แหล่งจ่ายไฟวี, field portable)

4. ZDF Composite Vacuum Meter (Industry mainstream, ความต้านทาน + ion / เทอร์โมคัปเปิล / cold gauge combination, standard for coating machines)

ZDF-I-LED / ZDF-I-PRO: เทอร์โมคัปเปิ้ล + ion composite

ZDF-III-LED / ZDF-III-PRO: ความต้านทาน (ZJ52T) + hot cathode ion (ZJ27), ที่พบบ่อยที่สุด

ZDF-IV-LED / ZDF-IV-PRO: ความต้านทาน + B-A ultra-high ion gauge (ZJ12)

ZDF-V-LED / ZDF-V-PRO: ความต้านทาน + cold cathode cold gauge (ZJ14)

ZDF-X-LED / ZDF-X-PRO: Dual resistance + single ion

ZDF-IB / ZDF-VB / ZDF-VC: Dual thermocouple, dual resistance cold gauge, dual ion and other special composite versions

5. Automatic Pressure Controller (Vacuum closed-loop pressure stabilization control)

ZDC-I: ความต้านทาน + ion composite pressure controller

ZDRC-I: Resistance pressure controller

ZDMC-I: Capacitance gauge pressure controller

ZDFC-III: Composite vacuum pressure controller

6. อุปกรณ์เสริมที่เข้ากัน

ZDT-5: Electromagnetic fine-tuning vacuum valve (for pressure controller)

Ceramic sealed vacuum feedthrough electrode (vacuum electrode, vacuum feed wire)

KF/CF flange adapter, gauge cable, dedicated APG RJ45 cable

Quick Selection Reference for BOM

Rough vacuum, PLC acquisition, replace PSG500 → APG-500C / APG-500CC

Indicator display + rough vacuum → ZDR series + ZJ-52T

Standard coating machine composite vacuum (1e5~1e-5Pa) → ZDF-III-PRO + ZJ52T+ZJ27

Ultra-high vacuum → ZDF-IV + ZJ12

Filament-free, long-term high vacuum → ZDF-V + ZJ14C

Gas-independent high-accuracy absolute pressure → ZJ-1C capacitance gauge