Schneider Evolis VCB 1250A Medium Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breake

Evolis belongs to 슈나이더 PacT series indoor medium voltage vacuum 회로 차단기. It is being gradually replaced by EasyPact EXE; 1250A is the mainstream rated current specification of this series, available in fixed type / withdrawable truck type (with cradle base). It is compatible with MVnex and other medium voltage switchgears.

✅ Key Technical Specifications (12kV version, 1250에이)

📌 Model Coding Rule (Evolis)

예: `Evolis 12 1250 P2`

1. 12: Rated voltage 12kV
2. 1250: Rated current 1250A
3. P1=25kA; P2=31.5kA; P3=40kA short-circuit breaking current

Optional secondary configuration: closing coil, tripping coil, charging motor, 보조 접점, anti-misoperation interlock (열쇠 자물쇠), 위치 스위치, LPCT current sensors, 등.

⚙️ Core Features

1. AMF Axial Magnetic Field Interrupter: The arc disperses under high short-circuit current, reducing contact wear. Suitable for frequent operation and capacitor bank switching applications.
2. 모듈형 디자인: Circuit breaker main body separated from truck cradle for easy cabinet integration; supports front operation and side operation layouts.
3. Complete five-prevention interlocks: position interlock, 기계적 인터록, key lock to prevent erroneous closing/opening and truck racking with load.
4. 낮은 유지보수: Hermetically sealed vacuum interrupter, 유지보수가 필요 없는. Only periodic inspection of mechanism lubrication and secondary circuit required.
5. 애플리케이션 시나리오: 10kV/20kV industrial substations, 건물 전력 분배, 데이터 센터, plant auxiliary power, protection for transformers/cables/busbars and capacitor banks.

🛠️ Installation, 작업 & 유지 관리 및 문제 해결

설치

Withdrawable truck adapts to medium-voltage cubicles. Control phase-to-phase clearance and contact alignment; apply conductive grease on tulip contacts of contact arms.

Prevent loosening of secondary connectors; verify mechanism travel and over-travel against factory records; reliable earthing required.

정기 유지 관리

1. Regularly clean dust on mechanism; check charging status and close/open indicators.
2. Monitor operating voltage to avoid coil under-voltage leading to failure of closing or tripping.
3. Inspect vacuum interrupter for cracks; perform vacuum degree test and power frequency withstand voltage test when necessary.

일반적인 결함

Charging failure: Missing motor supply, mechanism jamming, faulty charging limit switch.

폐쇄 실패: Damaged closing coil, interlock not released, spring uncharged.

Failure to trip: Broken tripping circuit, mechanism seizure.

⚠️ Vacuum interrupter cannot be disassembled on site. Replace the whole pole if vacuum fails.

📦 Replacement Options & 선택 참고 사항

1. OEM successor: Evolis (≤17.5kV) discontinued replacement model: EasyPact EXE. It covers 1250A rating and can be retrofitted into the same cubicle with minor secondary circuit modifications.
2. 국내 대안: VS1(ZN63A), ZN28 and other 12kV/1250A medium voltage vacuum circuit breakers. Need to verify truck dimension, mechanism interface and breaking capacity.
3. Higher-end Schneider model: EvoPacT HVX (intelligent version with built-in mechanical characteristic and temperature monitoring).

📎 HS Code Reference

Vacuum circuit breaker (indoor medium voltage, rated voltage＞1kV): 85352100 (automatic circuit breaker, voltage＞1kV). State rated voltage, current and breaking capacity during customs declaration.

🔍 Second-hand Inspection Checklist (Evolis 1250A)

1. Visual check: No cracks or tracking marks on poles and vacuum interrupters; no overheating discoloration on contact arms.
2. Mechanical test: Manual and motor charging; 10 consecutive close-open operations. Verify position indicators and interlock functions.
3. Electrical test: 코일 저항 측정; contact resistance test; vacuum degree test and power frequency withstand voltage test.
4. Mechanism inspection: Compare closing/tripping speed, travel and over-travel with factory curve; check charging springs for corrosion and fatigue.
5. 선적 서류 비치: Verify nameplate parameters and factory test report, confirm breaking class P1/P2/P3.

Schneider Evolis VCB 1250A (Withdrawable Type) 작동 지침

⚠️ Safety Precondition: Operated only by certified high-voltage electricians; strictly follow five-prevention interlock rules; racking in/out of truck must be performed when CB is in open position; wear insulating PPE before operation. Applicable to Evolis spring-operated vacuum circuit breaker for MVnex switchgear, 1250에이.

Panel marking: O=Open (끄다), I=Close (에); Spring charging indicator: Charged / Discharged; Operation counter records close-open cycles.

1. Three Truck Positions Definition
2. Working Position (Connected Position): Truck fully racked in, primary main circuit connected, secondary connector engaged. Remote/local close/open available, normal operating position.
3. Test Position: Primary main circuit disconnected, secondary connector still connected. Mechanism and secondary circuit test available; high voltage shutter closed for isolation.
4. Removed Position: Truck fully pulled out from cubicle, secondary connector disconnected. Available for transportation and overhaul.

기계적 인터록: Truck cannot be racked in or out when CB is closed; truck is locked out from working position if earthing switch is closed.

2. Spring Charging Operation (Mandatory before closing)

Evolis adopts spring charged mechanism with motor charging and manual charging.

1) Motor Charging (Standard MCH charging motor)

Once secondary control circuit energized, motor automatically charges the spring. When fully charged, panel shows Charged and motor stops automatically. Manual charging required upon power loss.

2) Manual Charging (Power-off overhaul & test)

1. Open the front access cover for charging operation.
2. Insert charging handle and pull down repeatedly (대략. 6 타임스) until a “딸깍 하는 소리” 잠그는 소리가 들린다.
3. Check panel indicator changes to Charged, remove charging handle, charging completed.

Once charged, spring remains charged as long as CB does not close. Energy releases instantly upon closing; recharging is required for another closing operation.

3. Tripping Operation (현지의 / 원격, tripping has priority)

✅ Local Mechanical Trip (Panel pushbutton, operable without power supply)

Directly press red O (여행) pushbutton on front panel, circuit breaker trips immediately. Check mechanical indicator points to O; charging indicator shows discharged after closing and tripping.

✅ Electrical Tripping

1. Local trip pushbutton on switchgear panel
2. Remote tripping via protection / SCADA
3. Fault tripping triggered by protection devices (과전류, instantaneous overcurrent etc.)

Tripping does not require spring charging. Tripping can be executed regardless of charging status.

4. Closing Operation (전제 조건: Spring Charged + CB in Open Position)

✅ Local Mechanical Closing (Panel I pushbutton)

1. 확인하다: CB open, spring charged, all interlock conditions released (truck in position, no lock, protection reset).
2. Press I (Close) pushbutton on panel, CB closes. Spring releases energy after closing; charging indicator becomes Discharged and mechanical indicator points to I.

Built-in mechanical anti-pumping function: CB closes only once even if close button is held continuously. Release close command and recharge spring for next closing.

✅ Electrical Closing

Local closing pushbutton on switchgear

Remote closing via background control

Prerequisite for electrical operation: intact secondary circuit, no interlock blocking, spring charged, CB in open position.

5. Racking Truck In (Test Position → Working Position, Energizing Operation)

전제 조건: CB at O open position, earthing switch open, cubicle door closed, secondary connector fully engaged.

1. Take out dedicated racking crank and insert into truck racking socket.
2. Hold position release button, rotate crank clockwise to move truck inward.
3. Continue racking until truck latches and crank cannot turn, accompanied by “딸깍 하는 소리” locking sound.
4. Remove crank; verify position indicator shows 【Working Position】.
5. Charge spring, close CB and energize for service.
6. Racking Truck Out (Working Position → Test Position, De-energizing Operation)

전제 조건: Trip CB to O position first.

1. Confirm CB opened and load disconnected.
2. Insert crank, hold release button, rotate crank counter-clockwise to withdraw truck.
3. Rack to test position until mechanism locks and crank stops turning with locking sound.
4. Remove crank; position indicator shows 【Test Position】.

Mechanism test can be performed at test position. For full removal of CB for maintenance: open cubicle door, unplug secondary connector and pull out breaker with transport trolley.

7. Mechanical Lock / Padlock Operation (Anti-misoperation for Maintenance)
8. Closing pushbutton can be mechanically locked in open state to prohibit closing.
9. Truck position can be padlocked at test / working position to prevent racking.
10. Optional key interlock: key interlock between earthing switch and CB position to meet five-prevention requirements.
11. Primary shutter interlock: High voltage static contact shutter automatically closes after truck withdrawal to prevent accidental contact with live parts.
12. Standard Complete Operation Sequence Examples

Energizing Sequence (Cold standby to service)

1. Inspect CB: 열려 있는, spring discharged, truck at test position, earthing switch open.
2. Connect secondary connector and close cubicle door.
3. 수동 / motor charging → indicator shows Charged.
4. Rack truck clockwise into working position, remove crank.
5. 현지의 / remote close → CB put into service.

De-energizing & Maintenance Sequence (Service to maintenance state)

1. Trip CB locally or remotely, confirm CB open and load de-energized.
2. Rack truck counter-clockwise to Test Position, remove crank.
3. Disconnect secondary circuit and unplug secondary connector.
4. Close earthing switch for maintenance earthing.
5. Pull out CB body with transport trolley if full removal required.
6. 금지된 작업 (Key Points)

❌ Rack truck in/out forcibly while CB is closed

❌ Attempt closing with uncharged spring (closing cannot be achieved)

❌ Rack truck into working position while earthing switch is closed

❌ Open CB compartment door while energized (mechanical interlock will block)

❌ Place hands within truck moving area or primary contact zone during operation

❌ Disassemble vacuum interrupter on site

10. Post-operation Inspection Items
11. Cross-check mechanical position indication (open/close, truck position) matches remote SCADA signals.
12. Spring charging indicator status correct.
13. Operation counter increments by 1.
14. Check for abnormal noise, mechanism jamming and loose secondary terminals.

Schneider Evolis VCB 1250A Vacuum Circuit Breaker Faults & 문제 해결

⚠️ Safety Reminder: Fault investigation of high-voltage equipment must be performed after de-energization, voltage test and earthing, operated by certified high-voltage electricians. Distinguish electrical faults and mechanical faults. Vacuum interrupter cannot be disassembled on site; replace the whole pole when vacuum fails. Applicable to Evolis 12kV 1250A spring-operated withdrawable VCB.

1. Charging Faults (MCH Motor Charging System)

잘못 1: Charging motor fails to start, no Charged indication on panel

징후: Motor does not run after energization, spring remains uncharged, closing impossible

원인

1. Missing motor control supply, 끊어진 퓨즈, 느슨한 단자; control voltage lower than 85% 그리고
2. Damaged/oxidized/misaligned charging limit switch
3. Worn motor carbon brush, open/short-circuited winding; thermal protection tripped
4. 기계적 발작: corroded gears, sticking connecting rods, jammed spring

구제책

1. Measure motor supply voltage, tighten secondary terminals and replace blown fuse.
2. Test charging circuit separately at test position, check continuity of limit switch.
3. Measure motor winding resistance; replace worn carbon brush; reset thermal protection.
4. 클린 메커니즘, apply Schneider specified grease to transmission components; overhaul or replace if mechanically seized.

잘못 2: Motor keeps idling and cannot complete charging

징후: Motor runs continuously and cannot lock into charged state, no auto-stop

원인: Limit switch fails to switch over, slipping transmission gear, fatigued and deformed charging spring

구제책: Adjust mounting position of limit switch; inspect gear wear; replace spring assembly if fatigued.

잘못 3: Manual charging handle hard to pull, heavy feeling

원인: Corroded mechanism, insufficient lubrication, deformed connecting rod, 이물질 걸림

구제책: Clean mechanism and apply designated lubricant; replace deformed connecting rod. Do not pull handle violently.

2. Closing Faults (폐쇄 실패, spring fully charged but cannot close)

Pre-check: Spring Charged, CB in open position, truck at working/test position, all five-prevention interlocks released

잘못 1: Electrical closing fails locally and remotely, but mechanical I pushbutton can close

원인: Broken closing circuit, burnt closing coil, poor auxiliary contact, faulty anti-pumping relay, protection blocking closing

구제책

1. Measure DC resistance of closing coil (compare with nameplate reference value). Replace coil if open or short-circuited.
2. Check switching status of auxiliary switch and secondary terminals, clean oxidized contacts.
3. Check blocking signal from protection device (예를 들어. uncleared fault trip signal), reset protection.

잘못 2: Closing fails even with mechanical pushbutton

원인: Seized closing latch, worn closing trip dog, interlock not released (earthing switch closed, truck not fully seated, closing locked by key)

구제책

1. Verify five-prevention status: earthing switch must be open, truck fully seated, mechanical closing lock released.
2. Perform manual charging and repeated close test at test position to observe latch seizure; replace worn trip dog.
3. Check whether tripping latch stays in half-tripped state after fault trip.

잘못 3: Immediately trips after closing (closing leads to instant trip)

원인: Protection tripping, continuously energized tripping circuit, failed anti-pumping, undervoltage coil de-energized

구제책: Check protection event and oscillography; check continuous energization of shunt trip circuit; verify undervoltage coil supply.

잘못 2: Cannot trip even by mechanical button (serious fault, manual release fails)

원인: Jammed tripping latch, deformed transmission connecting rod, corroded and seized mechanism

구제책: Do not press button forcibly. Disassemble and inspect mechanism after power cut at test position; return whole unit to factory if necessary.

잘못 3: Spontaneous tripping without operation (nuisance trip)

원인:

1. False tripping of protection (과전류, 지락, zero sequence false alarm, CT secondary open circuit)
2. Secondary circuit interference, damaged cable insulation with earth fault
3. Accidental latch release caused by mechanism vibration
4. Loss of supply to undervoltage coil

구제책: Retrieve protection event log; inspect CT secondary circuit; troubleshoot undervoltage supply; tighten loose mechanism parts.

4. Truck Racking Faults (Withdrawable type only)

잘못 1: Crank cannot turn when CB closed (normal five-prevention interlock)

원인: CB at closed position, mechanical interlock locks truck (normal protection, not a fault)

치료: Trip CB to open position before racking truck.

잘못 2: Truck still cannot be racked even with CB open

원인:

1. Position release button not held down
2. Earthing switch closed, five-prevention interlock locked
3. Foreign objects on truck guide rail, seized tulip contacts, deformed truck frame
4. Incomplete insertion of secondary connector triggers interlock blocking

구제책

1. Confirm earthing switch open, hold release button while racking.
2. Clear foreign objects on guide rail; inspect tulip contacts for deformation and overheating adhesion.
3. Ensure secondary connector fully seated.

잘못 3: Position indicator inconsistent with actual truck position

원인: Misaligned position limit switch, loose connecting rod

구제책: Adjust auxiliary position switch, calibrate position signal and tighten connecting rod.

5. Primary Circuit, 폴 & Vacuum Interrupter Faults

잘못 1: 과도한 접촉 저항, overheating on contact arm / pole during operation

징후: Abnormal temperature rise, infrared temperature measurement out of limit

원인: Oxidized tulip contact, dried conductive grease, loose contact arm bolt, eroded vacuum interrupter contacts

구제책

1. Power off and withdraw truck, clean tulip contacts, re-apply conductive grease and tighten bolts to specified torque.
2. Re-test contact resistance. If still over-limit, inspect vacuum interrupter and replace pole if contacts severely eroded.

잘못 2: Degraded vacuum inside vacuum interrupter (high-risk fault)

징후: Breakdown during power frequency withstand voltage test, excessive partial discharge, hissing abnormal sound

원인: Aging bellows of vacuum interrupter, crack from impact, seal failure

구제책: Vacuum failure cannot be repaired. Replace complete pole assembly. Do not disassemble vacuum interrupter on site.

잘못 3: Tracking and flashover on pole surface, discharge on insulator surface

원인: 습기, 심한 먼지, 응축, contamination on insulation surface, insufficient derating for high altitude application

구제책: Clean insulation surface of poles; install cabinet heater for anti-condensation; replace pole if carbonization is severe.

6. Secondary Signal & Indication Abnormality

잘못 1: Mechanical close/open indicator normal but remote SCADA signal wrong

원인: Worn/oxidized auxiliary switch contacts, loose secondary wiring

구제책: Perform continuous close-open cycles at test position and monitor auxiliary switch continuity; replace damaged auxiliary switch.

잘못 2: Charging signal inconsistent with panel indicator

원인: Poor contact of charging limit auxiliary switch, loose secondary wire terminals

구제책: Inspect charging limit switch and tighten terminals.

7. 비정상적인 소음 & Mechanism Sound
8. Abnormal noise during charging: Gear insufficient lubrication, wear, spring interference → clean and lubricate, 손상된 부품을 교체하다.
9. Excessive closing impact sound: Failed closing/tripping buffer → inspect buffer and replace damper.
10. Hissing discharge sound inside pole during operation → cut off power immediately and perform partial discharge and vacuum degree test.

✅ General Troubleshooting Sequence (추천)

1. Observation: Panel mechanical indication, charging status, protection alarms, remote signals.
2. Distinguish mechanical fault or electrical fault

If mechanical pushbutton works → mostly secondary circuit / coil issue

If mechanical pushbutton also fails → mechanism / interlock issue

3. Perform mechanism test separately at test position with high voltage isolated, avoid live test operation.
4. Instruments to use: Contact resistance tester, megohmmeter, circuit breaker analyzer (closing/tripping speed, simultaneity, contact bounce).
5. Record fault phenomenon and test data, compare with factory report.

❌ Prohibited Operations

1. Disassemble mechanism or pole while energized
2. Keep CB in service if vacuum degradation is suspected
3. Force racking truck or press close button violently when mechanism is seized
4. Randomly adjust contact over-travel and contact gap (must follow Evolis factory parameters)

보충: List of Consumable & Vulnerable Parts (Evolis)

MCH charging motor, 폐쇄 & tripping coils, auxiliary switch, charging spring, latch/trip dog, buffer, tulip contacts, vacuum interrupter pole assembly